Research has shown that vitamin D helps metabolize calcium in the body and prevent diseases such as osteoporosis. Now new information indicates that there are several areas around the world at risk for vitamin D deficiency and related complications.

According to a report by the International Osteoporosis Foundation, several factors have lead to widespread deficiency and subsequent problems with bone health.

Urbanization means fewer individuals spend time outside and soak up vitamin D from sunshine, while females in many countries in the Middle East or South Asia dress in restrictive clothing that prevents their skin from absorbing any sun, the report explains.

An inadequate diet can also cause deficiencies of the vitamin, especially if the individuals have little or no access to fresh fruits and vegetables.

A lack of vitamin D can cause brittle bones, put women and the elderly at a higher risk of osteoporosis and even cause rickets in younger children.

One way to ensure that individuals maintain adequate levels is to take a nutritional supplement with at least 50nmol/L of vitamin D each day.